10 research outputs found
The Relationship Between Strategic Thinking and Hospital Managersâ Productivity in Teaching Hospitals of Shiraz
Background: Using different methods of strategic thinking is essential for organizations such as hospitals; without them, many organizations will not survive. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between strategic thinking and management productivity in teaching hospitals of Shiraz.
Objectives: Because of the importance of strategic management in organizational productivity, the present study is conducted with the goal of assessing the relationship between strategic thinking and hospital managersâ productivity.
Patients and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2015. The statistical population included all managers in different levels in the teaching hospitals of Shiraz (170 persons). Among these, 119 participants were selected through Cochranâs formula and a simple random sampling method. Data were collected by a questionnaire addressing strategic thinking based on Liedtkaâs model and Hersey and Blanchardâs theory. Its validity was verified by a panel of experts and its reliability was measured in previous studies. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using descriptive and analytic statistics (analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearsonâs correlation test and t-test).
Results: The average and Standard Deviation of strategic thinking managers was (2.2 ± 0.04), and productivity of management (2.32 ± 0.37) was estimated on the average level. There was a direct meaningful relationship between strategically thinking managers and productivity (r = 0.387, P < 0.001). The results also showed that there is a meaningful correlation between strategic thinking and sustainability, organizational support and understanding of the job.
Conclusions: Due to the correlation between strategic thinking and productivity, we recommend educating and training managers in the use of strategic thinking, and that they understand its importance to productivity. Managers should understand that increasing efficiency in a competitive environment today is a necessity for survival
Evaluation of Brucellosis Vaccines: A Comprehensive Review
Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by Brucella spp. which can lead to heavy economic losses and severe human diseases. Thus, controlling brucellosis is very important. Due to humans easily gaining brucellosis from animals, animal brucellosis control programs can help the eradication of human brucellosis. There are two popular vaccines against animal brucellosis. Live attenuated Brucella abortus strain 19 (S19 vaccine) is the first effective and most extensively used vaccine for the prevention of brucellosis in cattle. Live attenuated Brucella melitensis strain Rev.1 (Rev.1 vaccine) is the most effective vaccine against caprine and ovine brucellosis. Although these two vaccines provide good immunity for animals against brucellosis, the expense of persistent serological responses is one of the main problems of both vaccines. The advantages and limitations of Brucella vaccines, especially new vaccine candidates, have been less studied. In addition, there is an urgent need for new strategies to control and eradicate this disease. Therefore, this narrative review aims to present an updated overview of the available different types of brucellosis vaccines
Research priorities in medical education at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences: categories and subcategories in the Iranian context
Introduction: Research in education is a globally significant issue
without a long history. Due to the importance of the issue in Health
System Development programs, this study intended to determine
research priorities in medical education, considering their details
and functions. By determining barriers existing in research in
education progress, it is tried to make research priorities more
functional by recommending acceptable strategies.
Methods: This is a qualitative-descriptive study in two descriptive
phases. The goal of these phases was to determine research
priorities subcategories in medical education by Nominal Group
Technique (NGT) and two rounds of Delphi method. Through the
first phase, subcategories of research priorities were determined,
using Nominal Group Technique under medical education expertsâ
supervision. Through two rounds of Delphi, a questionnaire was
constructed based on the subcategories. Eventually, research
priorities were determined based on their highest score (scores
more than 7 out of 10).
Results: In the first phase (NGT), 35 priorities in 5 major fields
of medical education were presented. In the second phase,
priorities were scored, using Delphi method. Medical Ethics
and professionalism gained the highest scores (7.63±1.26) and
educational evaluation the lowest (7.28±1.52). In this stage, 7
items were omitted but 2 of them were added again after expertsâ
revision in the third round of Delphi.
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study and
based on previous studies, it really seems that the fields of
âLearning and Teaching Approachesâ and âMedical Ethics and
Professionalismâ were more important. Because of financial and
resource limitations in our country and the importance of research
priorities, it is recommended to frequently study âresearch
priorities determination programâ at universities
Hemoaction game: an educational step to improve hemophilia children and nurses self-efficacy
As hemophilia is a chronic bleeding disease
and can interfere with daily performance
of children, these children require continuous
training to prevent bleeding and take timely action
(1). Since children nurses play an important role in
the education of involved children and their Selfefficacy
and also due to todayâs approach which
is using educational computer games, the use of
educational games in respect to teach hemophilia
children how to have self-efficacy can be
effective (2). Hemoaction game is a computerized
educational game designed by the World Federation
of Hemophilia to educate hemophilia disease and
related procedures to the care of children with
hemophilia. By the use of this game children with
hemophilia (aged 8-12) and also nursing experts
were educated how to increase self efficacy.
Nursing School of Shiraz University of
Medical Sciences has used this game for the
first time after its publishing, in the world (3).
The results of the mentioned study demonstrates
that after the Hemophilia disease and its related
procedures were instructed to children with
hemophilia and nursing experts in order to
know how to increase patientsâ self efficacy by
modern approaches, self efficacy of hemophilia
children and nurses were both improved. This
educational method is a novel way to enhance
both Hemophilia children and nursing staff,
as major participants in routine and lifelong
education process, self-efficacy.
Due to nursesâ important role in improving
children with hemophilia self-efficacy by different
instructions and world leading educational
approaches towards use of modern technology in
education, using Hemoaction educational game,
published by World Federation of Hemophilia and
used by Nursing and Midwifery College of Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences for the first time,
can fulfill hemophilia children needs of care
Impact of clinical supervision on field training of nursing students at Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Obtaining clinical competency in clinical education
is one of the problems in nursing and use of the new methods of
clinical training is very important. Clinical supervision is one of
the methods used as a mechanism to promote knowledge and skill
for promoting professional performance in nursing students. This
study is carried out to determine the impact of clinical supervision
on field training of nursing students at Urmia University of
Medical Sciences.
Methods: In the present experimental study, 32 nursing students
were enrolled in the study based on census and randomly
assigned into two groups of experimental and control by block
randomization. Clinical supervision was used in the experimental
group and the control group received routine clinical trainings
in the field. The studentsâ clinical skills were assessed using a
researcher-made checklist, the validity of which was confirmed
through content validity method by 13 faculty members and
its reliability was approved by test-retest method on 20 nursing
students in the form of a pilot study and through Cronbachâs alpha
(87%). Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 14.
Results: There was a significant difference between the
experimental and control groups in clinical skills such as
recognition and administration of medication, team participation,
patients and their relativesâ education, considering the safety,
infection prevention and nursing process (p<0.005).
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that in clinical supervision
process, students have a better communication and cooperation
with their instructor and with each other and their confidence and
understanding and the amount of learning in practical skills was
enhanced more than routine clinical training. The implementation
of this clinical training method for students of nursing and other
fields of medical sciences is recommendable
Assessment of the internsâ ability based on Dundee model in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: The importance of medical profession and the
role of the physician in society is no secret to anyone. Skills and
competencies in clinical practice are necessary for the medical
profession. In fact, in patient care, doctors require practical skills
in addition to scientific knowledge. This study examines the
potentials of medical school students in three areas of doing the
right thing, doing the right thing in an intermediate range, and
doing the right thing by the right person.
Methods: This study was done in a descriptive-analytical and
sectional model. The population of this study was all interns
of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who were passing
internship at Internal Medicine, Surgery, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and
Emergency wards. About 100 persons were selected were selected
by simple randomization. In order to collect data, a questionnaire
with 12 questions was designed in two parts. The questionnaire
was approved by 7 Faculty members of Clinical Medicine and
Medical Education, and its reliability was approved by test-retest
method on 20 medical students in the form of a pilot study and
through Cronbachâs alpha (82%). Collected data were analyzed by
SPSS software version 14 using descriptive statistical methods.
Results: Results showed that within the inner circle, interns
evaluated their skills in surgery, internal medicine, and
gynecology wards, intermediate and at other wards as weak. Also
within the center circle, interns evaluated adequate educational
evidence-based training in the field of medicine, and sufficiency
of educational training in the field of clinical decision making and
clinical care as suitable.
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that medical
internsâ skills in performing most medical skills are moderate.
So teaching students by new educational methods and workshop
techniques, using experienced teachers will be effective. The
use of clinical skills training centers and objective assessment
methods for the studentsâ skills, especially before entering the
clinical departments, is very important
COVID-19 in HIV-positive patients: A systematic review of case reports and case series
INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVIDâ19) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are two viral diseases for which there are currently no definitive treatments. Nowadays, because of the health system's focus on the COVIDâ19 epidemic, the control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has received less attention. In this review, we will discuss the characteristics of COVIDâ19 in HIVâpositive patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using the PRISMA guideline, the databases of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched systematically from January 1, 2019 to February 24, 2021. The following keywords were used: âHuman Immunodeficiency Virus,â âacquired immune deficiency syndrome,â âHIV,â âAIDS,â âCOVIDâ19,â âsevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,â ânovel coronavirus,â âSARSâCoVâ2,â ânCoV disease,â âSARS2,â and â2019ânCoV disease.â RESULTS: Twentyâone percent of studies were conducted in the USA (n = 13), 16% in China (n = 10), and 13% in Italy (n = 8), respectively. The majority of the patients were men (74.3%). Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was used in 47.4% of patients, emtricitabine in 58.4%, and lamivudine in 34.8% to treat HIV. Symptoms of HIV patients with COVIDâ19 included coughing (81.3%), fever (62.8%), and dyspnea (60%). Hydroxychloroquine (39.34%) and azithromycin (36.58%) were the common treatment options for COVIDâ19. The total death rate in HIVâpositive patients with COVIDâ19 was about 9%. CONCLUSION: In the current systematic review, we demonstrated that HIVâpositive patients coâinfected with COVIDâ19 have high comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. HIV/COVIDâ19 coâinfection might have negatively influenced the HIV treatment and diagnosis, which indicates the need to regularly screen HIV patients in the COVIDâ19 pandemic
A brief description of Medical Education Master Program in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
As Medical sciences become more advanced and
grow each day, so do the challenges of medical
education. To overcome the new obstacles which
are an inseparable part of science evolution, it is
necessary to renew and improve the educational
system .Achieving this, requires individuals who
are educated in the new methods of learning and
therefore can lead others through educational
system development. During the past decade,
these facts have led many medical universities
toward establishing and pursuing new master
and PhD. programs of medical education. As a
Pioneer in the field of medical education and the
first teacher training center in EMRO since 1972,
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS)
has also contributed to educational system
transformation by establishing master courses in
medical education since 2008, with a goal of not
only updating faculties` educational knowledge
but also training efficient educational experts. In
SUMS, these courses which are also mentioned
in Dr. ARA Tekianâs article in Chicago University
(1), were designed based on reviewing what Some
of the greatest universities in the field of education
such as Dundee, Maastricht and Chicago University
have done. The courses last for five semesters
and are available for all medical and paramedical
faculty members, GPs and paramedical masters.
To enter the program applicants must send their
resume including their degree, previous education,
and published articles. Moreover, they must also
take part in an entrance exam which evaluates
their knowledge of general English language along
with their educational knowledge and computer
skills. These courses are conducted using the
newest methods and references of learning such
as âA practical guide for medical teachersâ (2).
The students are also asked to study the most
recent AMME Guidelines which are provided for
them. According to studentsâ work field, in each
semester, proper homework has been considered to
improve what theyâve been instructed in practice.
After becoming educational experts, these
students can be hired in different sections of
education departments, acting as educational
ambassadors, initiating educational leaders &
curriculums designers which, in turn, can little
by little change the culture and face of education,
hoping that these changes may someday result in
spurring medical educational system
Evaluation of Brucellosis Vaccines: A Comprehensive Review
Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by Brucella spp. which can lead to heavy economic losses and severe human diseases. Thus, controlling brucellosis is very important. Due to humans easily gaining brucellosis from animals, animal brucellosis control programs can help the eradication of human brucellosis. There are two popular vaccines against animal brucellosis. Live attenuated Brucella abortus strain 19 (S19 vaccine) is the first effective and most extensively used vaccine for the prevention of brucellosis in cattle. Live attenuated Brucella melitensis strain Rev.1 (Rev.1 vaccine) is the most effective vaccine against caprine and ovine brucellosis. Although these two vaccines provide good immunity for animals against brucellosis, the expense of persistent serological responses is one of the main problems of both vaccines. The advantages and limitations of Brucella vaccines, especially new vaccine candidates, have been less studied. In addition, there is an urgent need for new strategies to control and eradicate this disease. Therefore, this narrative review aims to present an updated overview of the available different types of brucellosis vaccines